Airflow balancing valve for HVAC systems

ABSTRACT

An automatic airflow balancing valve (10), including: a housing (12) having an inlet (14) and an outlet (16) and defining a flow path (18) there through; a valve disc (30) operatively connected to the housing and disposed within the flow path; and an airflow volume calibrating assembly (92) disposed in the flow path and operatively connected to the valve disc and the housing to pivot the valve disc to a home position associated with a desired constant airflow volume. The airflow volume calibrating assembly includes an adjustment element that extends toward at least one of the inlet or the outlet.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority benefit to U.S. Provisional ApplicationNo. 61/947,569 filed Mar. 4, 2014 which is incorporated herein byreference as if set forth in full below.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to valves for regulating airflowwithin structures, and more particularly to an automatic airflowbalancing valve for HVAC Systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

One of the more difficult tasks in commercial structures such as anoffice building or hotel, for example, is to ensure that the centralheating, ventilation, and air conditioning system (HVAC) have properlybalanced airflows based on the needs of each space. This is typicallyaccomplished by manually adjusted fixed dampers within the supply andexhaust ventilation systems that are located throughout the structure.

These conventional air regulation devices typically include anadjustment mechanism in order to allow a technician to manually set anairflow volume which can be allowed to pass through each device. Onceinstalled throughout the building, the technician and/or engineer mustthen perform a complicated balancing procedure wherein each of thepreviously installed devices are manually adjusted in order to achievethe desired airflow and exhaust rate throughout the structure. Thismanual process of adjusting mechanical dampers is challenging to performaccurately and does not accommodate any changes in the duct pressurecaused from stack/chimney effect, loading of dirt and dust onfilters/grilles/ductwork, user interaction, closing of registers, wind,and other systematic issues. The manual balancing process is also alabor intensive process thereby functions to greatly increase the costof deploying the conventional systems, owing to the high amount of laborrequired.

Accordingly, there remains a need for an automatic airflow balancingvalve for HVAC systems that do not suffer from the drawbacks of theabove noted devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is explained in the following description in view of thedrawings that show:

FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of theautomatic airflow balancing valve.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the automatic airflow balancing valve ofFIG. 1 in assembled form with the housing partially cut away.

FIG. 3 is a cross section of an assembled automatic airflow valve alongline A-A of FIG. 2 with the airflow volume calibrating assembly in afirst position.

FIG. 4 is a cross section of an assembled automatic airflow valve alongline A-A of FIG. 2 with the airflow volume calibrating assembly in asecond position.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of theadjustment element.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the adjustment element of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a partial view along line B-B of FIG. 3 of an exemplaryembodiment of a forward end of an adjustment element.

FIG. 8 is a partial view along line C-C of FIG. 3 of an exemplaryembodiment of the forward end of the adjustment element.

FIG. 9 is a partial view along line D-D of FIG. 3 of an exemplaryembodiment of a rearward end of the adjustment element.

FIG. 10 is a partial view along line E-E of FIG. 3 of an exemplaryembodiment of the rearward end of the adjustment element.

FIG. 11 is a perspective exploded view of a ventilation assemblyincluding the automatic airflow balancing valve of FIG. 1.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 11 in assembledform.

FIG. 13 is a perspective exploded view of an alternate exemplaryembodiment of the automatic airflow balancing valve.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a cableadjustment arrangement.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of an alternate exemplary embodiment of thecable adjustment arrangement of FIG. 14.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An automatic airflow balancing valve for HVAC systems (device) andmethod for manufacturing/installing the same are described below withrespect to the figures. As will be known to those of skill in the art,the below descriptions and illustrations are to provide but one meansfor performing the inventive concepts and are not to be limiting in anyway as to system components or method steps.

In one exemplary embodiment, the automatic airflow balancing valve caninclude an adjustable airflow regulating device that automaticallybalances airflow in HVAC systems. As will be described below, variousembodiments of the device can be passive in nature, and can be quicklyand easily installed in supply and exhaust ventilation systems utilizinga four-way universal snap-in adapter plate or included rubber gasket forinsertion in circular duct.

In an exemplary embodiment, the automatic airflow balancing valve can beconstructed from Polypropylene material with a UL 94 listing with a V0fire safety rating. Of course, any number of different materials thatare suitable for use within HVAC environments can also be utilizedherein. Several non-limiting examples include metal, composites andother types of polymeric materials. In another exemplary embodiment, theconstruction of one or more elements of the device can include ananti-microbial coating in order to impede the growth of bacterialorganisms in the device. Such features providing enhanced safety andmarketing possibilities or structure owners.

The device may include a control lever for adjusting the airflowset-point and a visual indicator that can be viewed by a technicianwithout requiring removal of the device itself. For example, the devicecan be positioned relative to an air grille so as to allow thetechnician to identify the set-point of the airflow volume. Unlike theconventional airflow devices, which are sized specific to particularapplications, the below described device can be universally adapted tofield installations wherein a single device can be utilized in virtuallyany conventionally sized flow and/or return within an HVAC system. Forexample, the device can snap into an adapter plate and/or back-boxes byothers for in-the-field installations in various configurations.

Conventional automatic airflow balancing (“AAB”) valves require accessto the outside of the housing to adjust the flow rate through the valve.For those AAB valves already installed, adjustment requires that the AABvalve be removed from its installed position, adjusted, and thenre-installed. This costs time and money, particularly for fine tuningwhere several adjustments must be made. In response, the inventors havedevised an innovative AAB valve having an adjustment mechanism thatpermits adjustment of the flow rate without requiring the technician toaccess the side of the housing. Instead, the technician can access theinventive adjustment mechanism when the AAB valve is installed throughan end of the AAB valve. To further aid adjustment, certain exemplaryembodiments may include visual indicators indicating more or less flow,and in certain exemplary embodiments the visual indicators may becalibrated to indicate an expected flow rate through the AAB valve.

Accordingly, once the technician accesses the inlet or outlet of thevalve, adjustment to a desired flow rate is simply a matter of movingthe adjustment element to the appropriate flow rate indicator. In anexemplary embodiment the AAB valve may further include a rotary damperto damp vibrations/oscillations. The damper may be pneumatic orhydraulic. An example rotary damper include the FRT series damperavailable from Bansbach Easylift® of North America, Inc. In an exemplaryembodiment the AAB valve may include an adapter flange that may beinstalled and removed by hand, and that may adapt the AAB valve tonon-circular installation openings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an automatic airflow balancing (“AAB”)valve 10 including a housing 12 having an inlet 14 and an outlet 16, thehousing 12 defining a flow path 18 there through. Inside the housing 12a valve disc 30 is secured to (or is one with) a valve disc shaft 32that is, in turn, secured at both ends in the housing 12. In anexemplary embodiment the valve disc 30 and the valve disc shaft 32 areformed as one-piece and the valve disc shaft may have hollow ends toreceive respective pins that define a valve disc axis 36 about which thevalve disc shaft 32 and valve disc 30 pivot. Disposed between a bottom34 of the valve disc 30 and an inside surface 38 of the housing is anadjustment element 40 that pivots about an adjustment element axis 42.The adjustment element 40 includes an adjustment element slot 44 toaccommodate the valve disc shaft 32 (or, alternately, pins) that extendsthrough the adjustment element 40 before reaching the housing 12. Thispermits the adjustment element 40 to pivot even though the relativelystationary valve disc shaft 32 extends through it.

Secured to the adjustment element 40 is an adjustment plate 46 having anadjustment plate shaft 50 (or, alternately, pins or functionalequivalents thereof) that fits into an adjustment element hole 52.Accordingly, the adjustment element axis 42 of the adjustment plate 46and the adjustment plate shaft 50 share the same axis of rotation. Theadjustment plate 46 is secured also to the adjustment element 40 so thatit does not pivot relative to the adjustment element 40. For example,the adjustment plate 46 may be secured to the adjustment element 40 at afixing point 56 to prevent relative rotation. In an exemplary embodimentan adjustment plate arm (not visible) may be secured to the fixing point56. In an exemplary embodiment the fixing may be via a fastener (e.g. ascrew) or via a pin and hole arrangement etc.

A fixed end 60 of a spring 62 is secured to the adjustment plate 46 at aspring securing location 64. The spring 62 extends horizontally past theadjustment plate shaft 50, and when unrestrained may curve to the left(as seen in FIG. 1) along its length toward a free end 66. The valvedisc axis 32 is secured directly adjacent the adjustment plate shaft 50,and therefore the spring 62 contacts a first portion 70 of the valvedisc 30. This tends to bias the valve disc 30 in a counter clockwisedirection 72 until a second portion 74 of the valve disc 30 abuts theadjustment plate 46. Accordingly, the spring 62 biases the valve disc 30into a home position against the adjustment plate 46.

At least one damper 68 may be secured to the valve disc shaft 32 toreduce harmonic oscillations in the valve disc shaft 32. The damper 68may include the pins (not shown) that fit into the hollow ends of thevalve disc shaft 32 and which define the valve disc axis 36. Asdescribed above, the damper 68 may be a hydraulic rotary damper. Otherdamper styles and configurations known to those in the art mayalternately be used.

The valve disc shaft 32 is not disposed in the exact middle of the valvedisc 30, but is instead positioned slightly aft of the midpoint of thevalve disc 30. As a result the first portion 70 of the valve disc 30 isslightly longer than the second portion 74, and therefore the firstportion 70 presents more surface area to the higher pressure than doesthe second portion 74. With more surface area exposed to the higherpressure, when air is flowing the resulting force acting on the firstportion 70 is greater than the force acting on the second portion 74,and this is effective to urge the valve disc 30 in the clockwisedirection 76. The spring bias is selected to overcome the extra throe onthe first portion 70 during normal operating conditions, thereby holdingthe spring 62 in the home position against the adjustment plate unless aforce overcomes the bias of the spring 62. When an increase in thepressure difference (above the expected pressure difference) occurs andan associated extra force is applied to the first portion 70, the valvedisc 30 will pivot in a clockwise direction 76 out of the home positiondue to the lever action of the first portion 70. Once the extra forceceases the spring 62 will urge the valve disc 30 back to the homeposition.

Conventionally, an increase in pressure across an airflow regulatingvalve would increase a flow rate through the airflow regulating valve.However, in the AAB valve 10 disclosed herein, the spring 62 is selectedso that such increasing forces associated with increasing pressuredifferences overcome the spring bias. This pivots the valve disc 30 inthe clockwise direction 76 in an amount proportional to the extra force.This rotation reduces a flow area through the AAB valve 10 proportionalto the increase in force, and this, in turn, enables the AAB valve tomaintain a constant flow rate despite varying pressure differentials.

The adjustment element 40 pivots about the adjustment element axis 42 inorder to change a rotational position of the adjustment plate 46. Sincethe valve disc 30 is biased against the adjustment plate 46, the valvedisc 30 pivots with the adjustment plate 46. Accordingly, adjusting theadjustment element 40 adjusts home position of the valve disc 30, andthis adjusts the flow area through the AAB valve 10 associated with therespective home position (at a given pressure differential).

The adjustment element 40 may include a forward end 80 that extendstoward the inlet 14, and a rearward end 82 that extends toward theoutlet 16. Moving either of these in a lateral direction 84 pivots theadjustment element 40 about the adjustment element axis 42. There may bepositioning elements 86 (e.g. detents or notches) associated with one orboth ends of the adjustment element 40, and these may engage therespective end. In addition there may be visual indicators (not visible)on a display surface 88 and facing outward so a technician can read themwhile looking in the inlet 14 and/or the outlet 16. The visualindicators may be associated with respective positioning elements 86 andmay indicate the flow rate through the AAB valve 10 for a respectivehome position of the valve disc 30. The visual indicators and/or thepositioning elements may be positioned on a ridge 90. The adjustmentelement 40 and the adjustment plate 46 may collectively be referred toas an airflow volume calibrating assembly 92.

The AAB valve 10 may further include plate interlock features 100 at theinlet 14 and/or the outlet 16, configured to engage an interlockingadapter flange 102 via flange interlock features 104 that can beinstalled and removed using hands alone. The interlocking adapter flange102 may be used to adapt the circular housing 12 to a non-circularinstallation. Non circular installation shapes include quadrilateralssuch as squares and rectangles, as well as any other shape known tothose in the art. In a non-limiting embodiment the interlocking adapterflange 102 can be configured into any rectangular openings greater than2.9″w×2.9″h. However, other dimensions are also contemplated. The AABvalve 10 may further include a rubber gasket 106 that enables the AABvalve 10 to be readily inserted in an appropriate round collar or ductwhile providing an airtight seal around the AAB valve 10. The gasket 106may add size to the overall outside diameter of the AAB valve 10, butcompresses to fit within the appropriate collar or duct. Any or all ofthe components may be infused with an anti-microbial agent to preventmold and bacteria from forming.

In the preferred embodiment, the automatic airflow balancing valve canbe constructed from Polypropylene material with a UL 94 listing with aVO fire safety rating. Alternately, or in addition, any number ofdifferent materials that are suitable for use within HVAC environmentscan also be utilized herein. Several non-limiting examples includemetal, composites and other types of polymeric materials. In anotherembodiment, the construction of one or more elements of the device caninclude an anti-microbial agent in order to impede organic growth in thedevice. Such features providing enhanced safety and marketingpossibilities for structure owners. Although not limited to size orscale, in one preferred embodiment, the housing 12 is scalable from 3″to 120″ nominal outer diameter.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the AAB valve 10 in an assembledform and with the housing 12 partially cut away. From this is can bereadily seen that in this exemplary embodiment the airflow volumecalibrating assembly 92 can be seen and accessible by hand from theinlet 14.

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of an assembled AAB valve 10 along A-Aof FIG. 2 with the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92 in a firstposition having a slightly reduced flow area than is possible. Here itcan be seen that a technician could simply reach into either the inlet14 or the outlet 16 of the housing 12 to laterally move the forward end80 or the rearward end 82 respectively, thereby adjusting the flow rateof the AAB valve 10. In an exemplary embodiment the positioning elements86 (e.g. forward positioning elements) are disposed atop a forward ridge110. The forward ridge 110 may be curved to match a radius of theforward arm 80. Alternately, the forward ridge 110 may take any shape,including straight, in which case the forward arm 80 would simplyoverhang the ridge forward 110 by varying amounts, depending on thelateral position of the forward arm 80. The visual indicators (notvisible) may be on the display surface 88 so they can be readily seen bya technician looking into the inlet 14 of the housing 12.

In an exemplary embodiment there may be visual indicators (not visible)on a display surface 88 disposed toward the outlet 16 of the housing 12,which may or may not be disposed on a rearward ridge 112. There may ormay not be positioning elements 86 on the rearward ridge 112, and therearward ridge 112 may be curved or straight.

It can be seen that during operation an increased pressure drop acrossthe valve disc 30, and the associate increase in force on the firstportion 70 would pivot the valve disc 30 in the clockwise direction 76.Upon cessation of the extra force, the spring 62 would urge the valvedisc 30 back into the home position shown.

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of an assembled AAB valve 10 along A-Aof FIG. 2 with the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92 in a firstposition having a maximum flow area. The same principles that apply tothe function of the AAB valve 10 when the airflow volume calibratingassembly 92 is in the first position apply when the airflow volumecalibrating assembly 92 is in the second position.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the adjustment element showing theforward end 80, the rearward end 82, the adjustment element slot 44, andthe adjustment element hole 52 that defines the adjustment element axis42. Also visible in this exemplary embodiment is an engaging portion 120configured to engage the positioning elements 86. FIG. 6 is a side viewof the adjustment element 40 also showing the engaging portion 120.

FIG. 7 is a partial side view along B-B of FIG. 3 showing the engagingportion 120 of the forward end 80 resting in a positioning element 86which may be, for example, a notch in the forward ridge 110. The forwardend 80 may be resilient and the resiliency may bias the forward end 80in a downward direction 122. In such a configuration the engagingportion 120 rests firmly in the notch and resist lateral motion, whichis effective to hold the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92 inplace.

FIG. 5 is a partial view along line C-C of FIG. 3 showing thepositioning elements 86 embodied as a plurality of notches, and theengaging portion 120 of the forward end 80 resting in a selected notch.Visual indicators 124 may be disposed on the display surface 88. Thevisual indicators 124 may be associated with respective positioningelements 86 and may indicate a flow rate (e.g. cubic feet per minute“CFM”) expected through the AAB valve 10 when the forward end 80 isassociated with (resting in) the respective positioning element 86.Sides 130 of the positioning elements 86 may be ramped, and sides 132 ofthe engaging portion 120 of the forward end 80 may also be ramped and aresilience of the forward end may be selected so they are effective tohold the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92 in place duringoperation, but which allow the forward end 80 to lift sufficientlyenough to move laterally when a latterly force is applied to the forwardend or to the rearward end 82.

FIG. 9 is a partial side view along D-D of FIG. 2 showing the rearwardend 82 of the adjusting element 40, the rearward ridge 112, and thedisplay surface 88. Also visible is a rear push tab 134. A technicianmay apply lateral force to the rearward end 82 and/or the optional rearpush tab 134 to pivot the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92. If theforward end 80 engages the positioning elements 86, then the lateralforce simply needs to be sufficient to overcome the bias of the forwardend 80 into the positioning elements 86. If the forward end 80 does notengage the positioning elements 86 (e.g. there are no positioningelements), then less lateral force on the rearward end 82 may be needed.

FIG. 10 is a partial view along line E-E of FIG. 3 showing the rearwardend 82 of the adjusting element 40 including an optional pointer 136pointing to visual indicators 124 which may indicate an expected flowrates through the AAB valve 10.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a ventilation assembly 138including the AAB valve 10 which is to be positioned inside a vent box140 having a square shape. The AAB valve 10 may be secured to the ventbox 140 via the flange interlock features 104 of the interlockingadapter flange 102 such that the inlet 14 of the AAB valve 10 isassociated with an inlet 142 of the vent box 140. The outlet 16 of theAAB valve 10 is associated with a vent cover 144 optionally having ventflaps 146. FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of FIG. 11 in an assembledform.

FIG. 13 is a perspective exploded view of an alternate exemplaryembodiment of the AAB valve 10. Many components remain the same as inthe exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1. However, in this exemplaryembodiment the adjustment element 150 is formed as one with theadjustment plate 46 and the unified adjustment assembly 152 pivots abouta common axis of rotation 154 via cylindrical ends 156 that pivot withincylindrical receptacles 158 in the housing 12. Innovatively, shaftopenings 160 in the cylindrical ends 156 are configured to receive thevalve disc shaft 32 such that the valve disc axis 36 and the common axisof rotation 154 coincide with each other. Accordingly, moving theforward end 80 of the unified adjustment assembly 152 pivots theadjustment plate 46 about the common axis of rotation 154, which, inturn, pivots the valve disc 30 about the common axis of rotation 154 asaided by the spring 62.

There may be one or more relief cuts 162 in the valve disc 30 to preventinterference when the components pivot. Alternately, or in addition, thecylindrical ends 156 may be secured in the cylindrical receptacles 158by one or more centering elements 164 that may snap into the housing 12to hold the components in place. Optionally, the damper 68 may besandwiched between one of the centering elements 164 and the housing 12.Accordingly, in this exemplary embodiment, to remove the unifiedadjustment assembly 152 and the valve disc 30 one would simply need toremove the centering elements 164 and slide the unified adjustmentassembly 152 and the valve disc 30 out of the housing 12.

Alternately, or in addition, the adjustment element 150 could include arearward end (not shown) that extends toward the outlet 16. In anexemplary embodiment the valve disc shaft 32 may simply snap into theshaft openings 160, and these may likewise snap into the cylindricalreceptacles 158.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the AAB valve 10 having an exemplaryembodiment of a cable adjustment arrangement 170 positioned at theoutlet 16. The cable adjustment arrangement 170 includes a cable 172extending through a cable aperture 174 in a cable adapter ring 176. Thecable adapter ring 176 is secured to the housing 12 via ringinterlocking features 180 that engage the plate interlock features 100to hold the cable adapter ring 176 in place. A valve end 182 of thecable 172 is connected to the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92. Inthis non limiting exemplary embodiment the spring 62 includes a cableextension 184 configured to connect to the cable 172. Accordingly,movement of the cable in the lateral direction 84 pivots the adjustmentplate 46 and this, in turn, pivots the valve disc 30. The cable 172 maybe selected to be flexible enough to bend to accommodate the arcuatemotion of the cable extension 184. Alternately, or in addition, a cableconnection 186 may have freedom to accommodate relative motion betweenthe cable extension 184 and the valve end 182 of the cable 176. Thecable adapter ring 176 surrounding the cable aperture 174 may bestructurally reinforced to manage forces created by the arcuate motionof the cable extension 184. The cable adjustment arrangement 170 mayexist in addition to the adjustment element 40, or the adjustmentelement 40 may be dispensed with when the cable adjustment arrangement170 is used. The cable 176 may be secured to the adjustment element 40,or any other element so long as the movement of the cable 176 producesthe desire pivoting of the airflow volume calibrating assembly 92.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of an alternate exemplary embodiment of thecable adjustment arrangement 170. The cable aperture 174 in thisexemplary embodiment is large enough to accommodate a cable insert 190that may connect to the cable adapter ring 176 via a snap-in arrangement192. The snap-in arrangement 192 may be able to pivot about a snap-inarrangement axis 194 to accommodate the arcuate motion of the cableextension 184, and hence the arcuate motion of the valve end 182 of thecable 176.

A control end 200 of the cable 176 may be operatively connected to acontroller 202 that permits manual or automatic or control of the flowrate setting of the AAB valve 10. The controller 202 may include amanual input 204 and a display 206. The display 206 may have displayindicators 208 that may be calibrated so that the indicators 208indicate the flow rate through the AAB valve 10 associated with theposition selected for the manual input 204. When the manual input 204shown is rotary as shown, there may be gears (not shown) that convertthe rotary motion of the manual input 204 to linear motion for the cable176. Alternately, the cable 176 may be directly connected to the manualinput 204 and the cable may either flex to accommodate arcuate motion ofthe manual input 204 and/or the connection may provide relative movementto accommodate the arcuate motion. In another exemplary embodiment themanual input 204 may be linear.

Alternately or in addition the controller 202 may include an actuator210 that may move the cable 176. Such an actuator may be a motor, orlinear actuator, etc. and may be powered by battery, or a remote powersource such as a source of alternating or direct current. One source ofcurrent may be a micro turbine 212 disposed in the flow path 18. Themicro turbine can provide direct power to the actuator via a power line214 when there is a flow through the AAB valve 10. When used inconjunction with a battery the micro turbine could be a constant sourceof energy.

The controller 200 may also be remotely operable and/or programmable viaa processor 220 that may be in remote communication via a communicationpath 222 with a remote control 224. The communication path 222 may bewired or wireless and may permit remote calibration and/or operation ofthe AAB valve 10. The processor 220 may receive and transmit informationand may control the actuator 210 as instructed. Such an arrangementwould enable simultaneous and ongoing control of all of the AAB valves10 in an installation from one or more remote locations. This, in turn,would allow for individual adjustment of each of a plurality of AABvalves 10 as necessary to accommodate transient changes and/or more longterm changes such as seasonal changes.

From the foregoing it can be seen that the AAB valve 10 disclosed hereincan be adjusted in-situ and from the inlet 14, the outlet 16, or both.This eliminates the need to remove the AAB valve 10 to make adjustments,which represents time and cost savings. Consequently, this represents animprovement in the art.

While various embodiments of the present invention have been shown anddescribed herein, it will be obvious that such embodiments are providedby way of example only. Numerous variations, changes and substitutionsmay be made without departing from the invention herein. Accordingly, itis intended that the invention be limited only by the spirit and scopeof the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An automatic airflow balancing valve, comprising:a housing comprising an inlet and an outlet and defining a flow pathwithin the housing from the inlet to the outlet; a valve discoperatively connected to the housing and disposed within the flow path,wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate, about a valve disc axis,within the flow path; and an airflow volume calibrating assemblydisposed in the flow path and operatively connected to the valve discand the housing to pivot the valve disc to a home position associatedwith a desired constant airflow volume, the airflow volume calibratingassembly comprising an adjustment element disposed within the flow pathand that extends toward at least one of the inlet or the outlet, theairflow volume calibrating assembly further comprising an adjustmentplate disposed within the flow path and configured to rotate, about anadjustment plate axis, within the flow path; wherein the adjustmentplate axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.
 2. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 1, further comprising aplurality of visual indicators disposed in the flow path, eachassociated with a respective discrete lateral position of an end of theadjustment element, and each indicative of a flow rate associated withthe automatic airflow balancing valve when the end of the adjustmentelement is associated with a respective visual indicator.
 3. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 2, further comprising apositioning element associated with each visual indicator.
 4. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 1, further comprising anadjustment cable operatively connected to the airflow volume calibratingassembly, wherein movement of the adjustment cable pivots the valvedisc.
 5. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 4, furthercomprising an adapter ring connected to the inlet or the outlet andcomprising a cable aperture through which the adjustment cable passes.6. An automatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defininga flow path comprising an inlet and an outlet; a valve disc pivotableabout a valve disc axis; an airflow volume calibrating assembly disposedin the flow path and comprising: an adjustment element operativelyassociated with the valve disc and extending toward the inlet or theoutlet, wherein lateral movement of a forward end of the adjustmentelement pivots the valve disc, an adjustment plate secured to theadjustment element, wherein the adjustment plate is adjacent the valvedisc, wherein the adjustment element is pivotable about an adjustmentelement axis, and a spring secured to the adjustment plate andconfigured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate; and arotary damper secured to the housing and to a shaft of the valve disc.7. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 6, further comprisinga plurality of visual indicators, each facing out the inlet, eachassociated with a respective discrete lateral position of the forwardend of the adjustment element, and each indicative of a flow rateassociated with the automatic airflow balancing valve when the forwardend of the adjustment element is associated with the respective visualindicator.
 8. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 6, furthercomprising an adjustment cable operatively connected to the airflowvolume calibrating assembly, wherein movement of the adjustment cablepivots the valve disc.
 9. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim8, further comprising an adapter ring connected to the inlet or theoutlet and comprising a cable aperture through which the adjustmentcable passes.
 10. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 6,wherein a portion of the adjustment plate is located between a top and abottom of the valve disc.
 11. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 6, wherein the adjustment element axis is laterally offset fromthe valve disc axis.
 12. An automatic airflow balancing valve,comprising: a housing defining a flow path through an internal region ofthe housing; an adjustment plate disposed in the internal region and inthe flow path, wherein the adjustment plate is pivotal within a range ofadjustment plate positions; an adjustment element secured to theadjustment plate and extending toward an inlet or outlet of the flowpath, wherein the adjustment element and the adjustment plate areconfigured so that lateral movement of the adjustment element pivots theadjustment plate; a valve disc disposed in the internal region and inthe flow path and operatively associated with the adjustment plate suchthat the lateral movement of the adjustment element causes the valvedisc to pivot; and a rotary damper secured to the housing and to a shaftof the valve disc.
 13. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim12, further comprising a spring secured to the adjustment plate andconfigured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate.
 14. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 12, further comprising aplurality of positioning elements each associated with a respectiveunique lateral position of the adjustment element.
 15. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 14, wherein, the adjustment elementcomprises a resilient material biased to engage the plurality ofpositioning elements.
 16. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim14, further comprising visual indicators, each associated with arespective positioning element and indicative of a flow rate associatedwith the automatic airflow balancing valve when the adjustment elementis associated with the respective positioning element.
 17. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 14, wherein each of the positioningelements comprises a notch configured to receive the adjustment element.18. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 12, wherein theadjustment element comprises a forward end that extends toward the inletof the flow path and a rearward end that extends toward the outlet ofthe flow path, the automatic airflow balancing valve further comprising:a plurality of forward positioning elements, each associated with arespective unique lateral position of the forward end of the adjustmentelement, and forward visual indicators, each associated with arespective forward positioning element; and a plurality of rearwardpositioning elements, each associated with a respective unique lateralposition of the rearward end of the adjustment element, and rearwardvisual indicators, each associated with a respective rearwardpositioning element; wherein the rearward and forward indicators areindicative of a flow rate associated with the automatic airflowbalancing valve when the respective adjustment element end is associatedwith the respective positioning element.
 19. The automatic airflowbalancing valve of claim 12, further comprising plate interlock featurespositioned proximate at least one of the inlet and the outlet of theflow path, and an interlocking adapter flange configured to engage theplate interlock features and adapt the automatic airflow balancing valveto a non-circular opening.
 20. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 12, wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate about a valvedisc axis, the adjustment plate and adjustment element are configured torotate about common axis of rotation, and the valve disc axis coincideswith the common axis of rotation.
 21. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 20, wherein an adjustment assembly comprises theadjustment element formed as one with the adjustment plate, theadjustment assembly comprises cylindrical ends located withincylindrical receptacles in the housing, the valve disc comprises a valvedisc shaft, and ends of the valve disc shaft are located in thecylindrical ends.
 22. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 12,wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate about a valve disc axis,the adjustment plate and adjustment element are configured to rotateabout an adjustment element axis, and the adjustment element axis islaterally offset from the valve disc axis.
 23. The automatic airflowbalancing valve of claim 22, wherein the valve disc comprises a valvedisc shaft, the valve disc axis passes through the valve disc shaft, theadjustment plate comprises an adjustment plate shaft, and the adjustmentelement axis passes through the adjustment plate shaft.
 24. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 12, wherein the valve disc isconfigured to rotate about a valve disc axis, the valve disc comprises avalve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passes through the valve discshaft, and the valve disc shaft is offset from a midpoint of the valvedisc.
 25. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 24, furthercomprising a spring secured to the adjustment plate and configured tobias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate.
 26. An automaticairflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining a flow pathcomprising an inlet and an outlet; a valve disc pivotable about a valvedisc axis; an airflow volume calibrating assembly disposed in the flowpath and comprising: an adjustment element operatively associated withthe valve disc and extending toward the inlet or the outlet, whereinlateral movement of a forward end of the adjustment element pivots thevalve disc, an adjustment plate secured to the adjustment element,wherein the adjustment plate is adjacent the valve disc, wherein theadjustment element is pivotable about an adjustment element axis, and aspring secured to the adjustment plate and configured to bias the valvedisc toward the adjustment plate; a plurality of positioning elementseach associated with a respective unique lateral position of theadjustment element; wherein the adjustment element comprises a resilientmaterial biased to engage the plurality of positioning elements.
 27. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 26, further comprising aplurality of visual indicators, each facing out the inlet, eachassociated with a respective discrete lateral position of the forwardend of the adjustment element, and each indicative of a flow rateassociated with the automatic airflow balancing valve when the forwardend of the adjustment element is associated with the respective visualindicator.
 28. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 26,wherein a portion of the adjustment plate is located between a top and abottom of the valve disc.
 29. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 26, wherein the adjustment element axis is laterally offset fromthe valve disc axis.
 30. An automatic airflow balancing valve,comprising: a housing defining a flow path comprising an inlet and anoutlet; a valve disc pivotable about a valve disc axis; an airflowvolume calibrating assembly disposed in the flow path and comprising: anadjustment element operatively associated with the valve disc andextending toward the inlet or the outlet, wherein lateral movement of aforward end of the adjustment element pivots the valve disc, anadjustment plate secured to the adjustment element, wherein theadjustment plate is adjacent the valve disc, wherein the adjustmentelement is pivotable about an adjustment element axis, and a springsecured to the adjustment plate and configured to bias the valve disctoward the adjustment plate; a plurality of positioning elements eachassociated with a respective unique lateral position of the adjustmentelement; and visual indicators, each associated with a respectivepositioning element and indicative of a flow rate associated with theautomatic airflow balancing valve when the adjustment element isassociated with the respective positioning element.
 31. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 30, wherein a portion of the adjustmentplate is located between a top and a bottom of the valve disc.
 32. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 30, wherein the adjustmentelement axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.
 33. Anautomatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining a flowpath comprising an inlet and an outlet; a valve disc pivotable about avalve disc axis; an airflow volume calibrating assembly disposed in theflow path and comprising: an adjustment element operatively associatedwith the valve disc and extending toward the inlet and the outlet,wherein lateral movement of a forward end of the adjustment elementpivots the valve disc, wherein the forward end of the adjustment elementextends toward the inlet, and wherein a rearward end of the adjustmentelement extends toward the outlet, an adjustment plate secured to theadjustment element, wherein the adjustment plate is adjacent the valvedisc, wherein the adjustment element is pivotable about an adjustmentelement axis, and a spring secured to the adjustment plate andconfigured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate; aplurality of forward positioning elements, each associated with arespective unique lateral position of the forward end of the adjustmentelement, and forward visual indicators, each associated with arespective forward positioning element; and a plurality of rearwardpositioning elements, each associated with a respective unique lateralposition of the rearward end of the adjustment element, and rearwardvisual indicators, each associated with a respective rearwardpositioning element; wherein the rearward and forward indicators areindicative of a flow rate associated with the automatic airflowbalancing valve when the respective adjustment element end is associatedwith the respective positioning element.
 34. The automatic airflowbalancing valve of claim 33, wherein a portion of the adjustment plateis located between a top and a bottom of the valve disc.
 35. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 33, wherein the adjustmentelement axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.
 36. Anautomatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining a flowpath comprising an inlet and an outlet; a valve disc pivotable about avalve disc axis; an airflow volume calibrating assembly disposed in theflow path and comprising: an adjustment element operatively associatedwith the valve disc and extending toward the inlet or the outlet,wherein lateral movement of a forward end of the adjustment elementpivots the valve disc, an adjustment plate secured to the adjustmentelement, wherein the adjustment plate is adjacent the valve disc,wherein the adjustment element is pivotable about an adjustment elementaxis, and a spring secured to the adjustment plate and configured tobias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate; and plate interlockfeatures positioned proximate at least one of the inlet and the outletof the flow path, and an interlocking adapter flange configured toengage the plate interlock features and adapt the automatic airflowbalancing valve to a non-circular opening.
 37. The automatic airflowbalancing valve of claim 36, further comprising a plurality of visualindicators, each facing out the inlet, each associated with a respectivediscrete lateral position of the forward end of the adjustment element,and each indicative of a flow rate associated with the automatic airflowbalancing valve when the forward end of the adjustment element isassociated with the respective visual indicator.
 38. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 36, wherein a portion of the adjustmentplate is located between a top and a bottom of the valve disc.
 39. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 36, wherein the adjustmentelement axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.
 40. Anautomatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining a flowpath through an internal region of the housing; an adjustment platedisposed in the internal region and in the flow path, wherein theadjustment plate is pivotal within a range of adjustment platepositions; an adjustment element secured to the adjustment plate andextending toward an inlet or outlet of the flow path, wherein theadjustment element and the adjustment plate are configured so thatlateral movement of the adjustment element pivots the adjustment plate;a valve disc disposed in the internal region and in the flow path andoperatively associated with the adjustment plate such that the lateralmovement of the adjustment element causes the valve disc to pivot; and aplurality of positioning elements each associated with a respectiveunique lateral position of the adjustment element; wherein theadjustment element comprises a resilient material biased to engage theplurality of positioning elements.
 41. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 40, further comprising a spring secured to the adjustmentplate and configured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate.42. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 40, furthercomprising visual indicators, each associated with a respectivepositioning element and indicative of a flow rate associated with theautomatic airflow balancing valve when the adjustment element isassociated with the respective positioning element.
 43. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 40, wherein each of the positioningelements comprises a notch configured to receive the adjustment element.44. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 40, wherein theadjustment element comprises a forward end that extends toward the inletof the flow path and a rearward end that extends toward the outlet ofthe flow path; wherein the plurality of positioning elements comprises aplurality of forward positioning elements, each associated with arespective unique lateral position of the forward end of the adjustmentelement, and wherein the automatic airflow balancing valve comprisesforward visual indicators, each associated with a respective forwardpositioning element; and wherein the plurality of positioning elementscomprises a plurality of rearward positioning elements, each associatedwith a respective unique lateral position of the rearward end of theadjustment element, and wherein the automatic airflow balancing valvecomprises rearward visual indicators, each associated with a respectiverearward positioning element; wherein the rearward and forwardindicators are indicative of a flow rate associated with the automaticairflow balancing valve when the respective adjustment element end isassociated with the respective positioning element.
 45. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 40, further comprising plate interlockfeatures positioned proximate at least one of the inlet and the outletof the flow path, and an interlocking adapter flange configured toengage the plate interlock features and adapt the automatic airflowbalancing valve to a non-circular opening.
 46. The automatic airflowbalancing valve of claim 40, wherein the valve disc is configured torotate about a valve disc axis, the adjustment plate and adjustmentelement are configured to rotate about common axis of rotation, and thevalve disc axis coincides with the common axis of rotation.
 47. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 46, wherein an adjustmentassembly comprises the adjustment element formed as one with theadjustment plate, the adjustment assembly comprises cylindrical endslocated within cylindrical receptacles in the housing, the valve disccomprises a valve disc shaft, and ends of the valve disc shaft arelocated in the cylindrical ends.
 48. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 40, wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate abouta valve disc axis, the adjustment plate and adjustment element areconfigured to rotate about an adjustment element axis, and theadjustment element axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.49. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 48, wherein the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passes throughthe valve disc shaft, the adjustment plate comprises an adjustment plateshaft, and the adjustment element axis passes through the adjustmentplate shaft.
 50. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 40,wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate about a valve disc axis,the valve disc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passesthrough the valve disc shaft, and the valve disc shaft is offset from amidpoint of the valve disc.
 51. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 50, further comprising a spring secured to the adjustment plateand configured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate. 52.An automatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining aflow path through an internal region of the housing; an adjustment platedisposed in the internal region and in the flow path, wherein theadjustment plate is pivotal within a range of adjustment platepositions; an adjustment element secured to the adjustment plate andextending toward an inlet or outlet of the flow path, wherein theadjustment element and the adjustment plate are configured so thatlateral movement of the adjustment element pivots the adjustment plate;a valve disc disposed in the internal region and in the flow path andoperatively associated with the adjustment plate such that the lateralmovement of the adjustment element causes the valve disc to pivot; aplurality of positioning elements each associated with a respectiveunique lateral position of the adjustment element; visual indicators,each associated with a respective positioning element and indicative ofa flow rate associated with the automatic airflow balancing valve whenthe adjustment element is associated with the respective positioningelement.
 53. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 52, furthercomprising a spring secured to the adjustment plate and configured tobias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate.
 54. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 52, wherein each of the positioningelements comprises a notch configured to receive the adjustment element.55. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 52, furthercomprising plate interlock features positioned proximate at least one ofthe inlet and the outlet of the flow path, and an interlocking adapterflange configured to engage the plate interlock features and adapt theautomatic airflow balancing valve to a non-circular opening.
 56. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 52, wherein the valve disc isconfigured to rotate about a valve disc axis, the adjustment plate andadjustment element are configured to rotate about common axis ofrotation, and the valve disc axis coincides with the common axis ofrotation.
 57. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 56, whereinan adjustment assembly comprises the adjustment element formed as onewith the adjustment plate, the adjustment assembly comprises cylindricalends located within cylindrical receptacles in the housing, the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, and ends of the valve disc shaft arelocated in the cylindrical ends.
 58. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 52, wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate abouta valve disc axis, the adjustment plate and adjustment element areconfigured to rotate about an adjustment element axis, and theadjustment element axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.59. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 58, wherein the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passes throughthe valve disc shaft, the adjustment plate comprises an adjustment plateshaft, and the adjustment element axis passes through the adjustmentplate shaft.
 60. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 52,wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate about a valve disc axis,the valve disc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passesthrough the valve disc shaft, and the valve disc shaft is offset from amidpoint of the valve disc.
 61. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 60, further comprising a spring secured to the adjustment plateand configured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate. 62.An automatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining aflow path through an internal region of the housing; an adjustment platedisposed in the internal region and in the flow path, wherein theadjustment plate is pivotal within a range of adjustment platepositions; an adjustment element secured to the adjustment plate andextending toward an inlet and an outlet of the flow path, wherein theadjustment element and the adjustment plate are configured so thatlateral movement of the adjustment element pivots the adjustment plate,wherein the adjustment element comprises a forward end that extendstoward the inlet of the flow path and a rearward end that extends towardthe outlet of the flow path; a valve disc disposed in the internalregion and in the flow path and operatively associated with theadjustment plate such that the lateral movement of the adjustmentelement causes the valve disc to pivot; a plurality of forwardpositioning elements, each associated with a respective unique lateralposition of the forward end of the adjustment element, and forwardvisual indicators, each associated with a respective forward positioningelement; and a plurality of rearward positioning elements, eachassociated with a respective unique lateral position of the rearward endof the adjustment element, and rearward visual indicators, eachassociated with a respective rearward positioning element; wherein therearward and forward indicators are indicative of a flow rate associatedwith the automatic airflow balancing valve when the respectiveadjustment element end is associated with the respective positioningelement.
 63. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 62, furthercomprising a spring secured to the adjustment plate and configured tobias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate.
 64. The automaticairflow balancing valve of claim 62, wherein each of the positioningelements comprises a notch configured to receive the adjustment element.65. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 62, furthercomprising plate interlock features positioned proximate at least one ofthe inlet and the outlet of the flow path, and an interlocking adapterflange configured to engage the plate interlock features and adapt theautomatic airflow balancing valve to a non-circular opening.
 66. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 62, wherein the valve disc isconfigured to rotate about a valve disc axis, the adjustment plate andadjustment element are configured to rotate about common axis ofrotation, and the valve disc axis coincides with the common axis ofrotation.
 67. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 66, whereinan adjustment assembly comprises the adjustment element formed as onewith the adjustment plate, the adjustment assembly comprises cylindricalends located within cylindrical receptacles in the housing, the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, and ends of the valve disc shaft arelocated in the cylindrical ends.
 68. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 62, wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate abouta valve disc axis, the adjustment plate and adjustment element areconfigured to rotate about an adjustment element axis, and theadjustment element axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.69. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 68, wherein the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passes throughthe valve disc shaft, the adjustment plate comprises an adjustment plateshaft, and the adjustment element axis passes through the adjustmentplate shaft.
 70. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 62,wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate about a valve disc axis,the valve disc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passesthrough the valve disc shaft, and the valve disc shaft is offset from amidpoint of the valve disc.
 71. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 70, further comprising a spring secured to the adjustment plateand configured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate. 72.An automatic airflow balancing valve, comprising: a housing defining aflow path through an internal region of the housing; an adjustment platedisposed in the internal region and in the flow path, wherein theadjustment plate is pivotal within a range of adjustment platepositions; an adjustment element secured to the adjustment plate andextending toward an inlet or outlet of the flow path, wherein theadjustment element and the adjustment plate are configured so thatlateral movement of the adjustment element pivots the adjustment plate;a valve disc disposed in the internal region and in the flow path andoperatively associated with the adjustment plate such that the lateralmovement of the adjustment element causes the valve disc to pivot; andplate interlock features positioned proximate at least one of the inletand the outlet of the flow path, and an interlocking adapter flangeconfigured to engage the plate interlock features and adapt theautomatic airflow balancing valve to a non-circular opening.
 73. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 72, further comprising aspring secured to the adjustment plate and configured to bias the valvedisc toward the adjustment plate.
 74. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 72, further comprising a plurality of positioningelements each associated with a respective unique lateral position ofthe adjustment element, wherein each of the positioning elementscomprises a notch configured to receive the adjustment element.
 75. Theautomatic airflow balancing valve of claim 72, wherein the valve disc isconfigured to rotate about a valve disc axis, the adjustment plate andadjustment element are configured to rotate about common axis ofrotation, and the valve disc axis coincides with the common axis ofrotation.
 76. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 75, whereinan adjustment assembly comprises the adjustment element formed as onewith the adjustment plate, the adjustment assembly comprises cylindricalends located within cylindrical receptacles in the housing, the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, and ends of the valve disc shaft arelocated in the cylindrical ends.
 77. The automatic airflow balancingvalve of claim 72, wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate abouta valve disc axis, the adjustment plate and adjustment element areconfigured to rotate about an adjustment element axis, and theadjustment element axis is laterally offset from the valve disc axis.78. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 77, wherein the valvedisc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passes throughthe valve disc shaft, the adjustment plate comprises an adjustment plateshaft, and the adjustment element axis passes through the adjustmentplate shaft.
 79. The automatic airflow balancing valve of claim 72,wherein the valve disc is configured to rotate about a valve disc axis,the valve disc comprises a valve disc shaft, the valve disc axis passesthrough the valve disc shaft, and the valve disc shaft is offset from amidpoint of the valve disc.
 80. The automatic airflow balancing valve ofclaim 79, further comprising a spring secured to the adjustment plateand configured to bias the valve disc toward the adjustment plate.